Cassius



(No Model.)

0. 0. PALMER.

ICE MAKING AND REFRIGERATING'MAGHINB. No. 308,980. Patented Dec. 9, 1884.

H w "Hmllllllllllllllllllflllll Warren dramas Parent Garrett.

CASSIUS O. PALMER, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

ICE-MAKING AND REFRIGERATING ivlACl-HNEI.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 308,980, dated December 9, 188

Application filed February 1.1, 1953.

I0 rtZl w/wm, it 712/101] concern..-

Be it known that I, OASSIUS O. PALMI 1R,'Of Oakland, in the county of Alameda, State of California, have invented. certain new and useful Improvements in lce-lvlaking or Befrigerating Machines, of which the following is a specification.

In the class of ice-malring or refrigerating machines which use a volatile liquid or a gas as a means of refrigeration, and which are constructed with two or more ice-making cells or refrigeratingchambers, great difiiculty has been experienced, when all the cells or refrigcrating-chambers were connected with one ex hau'st and condensing pump, inobtaining a uniform degree of refrigeration in all the cells or chambers.

The object of my invention is to enable any number-of ieemaking cells or refrigerating chambers to be operated by a single exhaust and condensing pump and to maintain a uniform degree of refrigeration in all of them. I accomplish this object by connecting the 6X- haust-pipes from each ice-making cell or re i frigerating-chamber with a common receiver l of any convenient shape, and this chamber I connect with the exhausting side of the pump. I prefer to make this chamber of such a form that it will extend past eachof the ice-making cells or refrigeratirig-chambers, and to give it a sectional area somewhat greater than the combined sectional area of all the exhaustpipes from the cells or chambers which are connected with it.

To illustrate the nature of my invention more clearly, I have shown it in the accompanying drawings as it maybe arranged in connec tion with my improved ice-making machine patented May 18, 1880, No. 227,703.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of one arrangement ofmy ice-making machine, with portions of the casing of the condenser and of the side of the freezing tank broken away in order to show more clearly the po sitions of the various parts. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the freezing -tanks, one of them I being in section. I

Like parts in each figure are marked by the same letters.

In this apparatus the condensed refrigerating-liquid flows from the condenser G, Fig. 1, through the pipe II, which extends along the (K0 model.)

lower part of the freezing-tank A, and thence by the pipes I I into the freezing cells B B, which are placed within the tankA, and there it is volatilized or expanded suddenly into a gas or vapor. This sudden expansion produces the refrigeration of anything in the vicinity of the cells B. After expansion in B, the va por is drawn through the pipes O O, 810., into the chamber D, which in turn is connected with the exhaust side of the pump F by the pipe E. Thepump F compresses the vapors which it has drawn from the chamber D into a liquid form in the condenser G, whence it again follows the same course as before, and the operation of refrigeration becomes continuous as long as the pump F is worked.

Hitherto it has been the practice in ice-male ing and refrigerating machines of this class to connect the exhaust side of the pump with the freezing cells or refrigerating chambers by pipes arranged in a manner similar to the arrangement of the supply-pipe II and the pipes I I, as shown in Fig. 1, and it has been found that the refrigeration produced in the cells or chambers nearest the pump was much more intense than it was in the more distant ones, and that when it was attempted to operate a long series of these cells or chambers by one pump the last on the line were cooled but slightly. This was caused by the fact that the pump acts with great power on the nearest cells, thus causing a rapid circulation of the refrigerant through them, while in the more distant cells the effect of the pump is but slightly felt, and the circulation of the refrigerant is slow or almost ceases, according to the number of cells and their distance from the pump.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 I have interposed the common chamber 1), of comparatively large sectional area and capacity, between the freezing-cells B B and the pump,

the result being a very uniform distribution of the effects of the pump over all of the freezn ing-cells, and a very uniform degree of refrigeration in all caused by the uniform circulation of the refrigerant through all of the cells.

I am aware that the chamber I) may be used with advantage in machines in which other kinds of cooling and refrigeration are accomplished as well as in icemaking machines, and .I do not limit my claims to ice making machines alone. In two applications filed 011 the 30th day of December, 1882, I have described it in an atmospheric refrigeratingmachine; but I did not there claim it as a distinct feature, reserving it for this application, because I believed it to be even more useful in an icemaking machine than in an air refrigerating machine.

I do not confine myself to the form of chamber shown in the drawings, nor to the arrangement or mode of connection there shown.

I am aware of the Patent No. 177,999, in which the exhaust-pump draws the vapor from a comparatively large sized gas receiver, which is connected to the freezers by a series of tubes, each tube corresponding in crosssectional area with that of the aforesaid receiver; but this arrangement differs from mine, inasmuch as the same result occurs as in the arrangement of parts before referred section than the area of the several eonnections, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

GASSI US O. PALMER.

Witnesses:

W. F. HAPGOOD, DANIEL I-I. DRISOOLL. 

